Printing-telegraph



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

R. A. FOWDEN. PRINTING TBLEGRAPH.

D' No. 509,430. Patented N0v.28,1a9.3.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

R. A. FOWDEN.

Y ERINTING TBLBGRAPH.

No. 509,430. Patented Nov. 28,1893.

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R. A. FOWVDEN. PRINTING TBLBGRA'PH.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

Patented Nov'28, 1893..

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ROBERT A. FOWDEN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THEINTERNATIONAL PRINTING TELEGRAPH COMPANY, OF OAMDEN, NEW

. JERSEY.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATIONVforming part of Letters'Patent, No. 509,430, datedNovember 28, 1893.

Application tiled January 31,1893. Serial No. l60,350. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Beit known that I, ROBERT A. FOWDEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia andState of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Printing-Telegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

The principal objects of my invention are 1o first, to provide anefficient, reliable and comparatively inexpensive printing telegraphinstrument; second, to reduce the number of parts and to simplify theconstruction of the mechanical and electrical devices employed I5 inconnection with such instrument; third, to

increase the efficiency and to lessen the number of circuits and circuitconnections in a printing telegraph instrument; fourth, to providecompact mechanical and electrical cirzo cuit controlling devicesoperating` to increase the efficiency of a printing telegraph instrumentor a series of instruments looped together and to lessen the number ofcircuits, electro-magnets and relays in such instrument or instruments;fth, to insure perfect synchronism in the movement of the type- Wheelshafts of the instruments; sixth, to provide certain of theelectro-magnets with simple, reliable and durable mechanical appli- 3oances, whereby double duty is performed by them; and seventh, toconstruct and arrange the circuit connections of the line conductor orconductorsin such manner that accidental interruption or cutting out ofthe same arrests both the receiver and the transmitter, whereby theoperator at each instrument is apprised of the occurrence of anyaccident or of Want of synchronism in the movement of the instruments incircuit connected with each 4o other.

In a printing telegraph system embodying features of my invention, useis lnade of instruments connected together bya single line conductor andprovided with duplicate mechanical and electrical devices operatedsynchronously by means of two sets of local circuits and switches,whereof one set is einployed for transmitting, and the other inreceiving, and by means of two line circuits, of

5o which one is availed of, for releasing and starting` the type-wheelshafts and the other for effecting the printing operations and both ofthe said line circuits traversing the single line conductor.

The mechanical and electrical devices at each instrument comprise atype-Wheel shaft, an electric motor operated by the armaturelever of anelectro-magnet and a retracting spring and adapted to revolve saidshaft, a unison latch for stopping said shaft and holding thereti-acting springof the motor in tension at the unison position topermit of the subsequent startingof the instrument under the influenceof the retracting spring of the motor, a circuit interrupter, that is,an automatic circuit maker and breaker adapted to break the ordinary ornormal line circuit through the coils of relay electro-magnets of thetransmitter and receiver at the unison position, and also adapted toalternately make and break said ordinary line circuit at positions otherthan unison in order to operate the motors and drive the shafts, adetent, toothed wheel and locking electro-magnet for locking the shaftat the unison position and in each printing position with the circuitinterrupter in position for preventing the completion of the stroke ofthe motor, whereby the motor is adapted to subsequently complete itsstroke and proceed in its customary manner; a suniiower device, brush,printing keys and double contact unison key; a toothed Wheel and ratchetswitch tending to effect an impression when the type-wheel shaft isarrested at any position other than the unison position; a three wayrevoluble switch adapted to break the local motor circuit at the unisonposition and to permit the same to be closed at a position other thanthe unison position and adapted to permit of the actuation of the unisonand locking devices by means of the local unison circuit in order topermit of the starting of the type-Wheel shafts under the influence ofthe retracting spring of the motor, and also adapted to prevent theclosing of the local unison circuit after the typewheel shaft has beenset in motion and until unison latch; and a printing electro-magnethaving an armature lever for eecting impressions, feeding the paper andtransferring the unison latch from the outermost portion of its spiralto the innermost portion thereof.

The set of local unison circuits that is einployed in connection withthe unison line circuit andwith said electrical and mechanical deviceswill now be described and traced.

The local unison circuit at the transmitter passes from earth through agenerator to the unison contact of the suniiower device, thence to oneset of contacts of a normally open double contact unison key, thencethrough the coils of the locking electro-magnet and through the coils ofthe unison and printing electro-magnet to earth. It may be remarked thatthe unison line circuit passes from earth through a generator, throughthe unison contact of the sunflower device to the other set of contactsof the normally open double contact unison key, and then through aconductor of high resistance to line, said conductor of high resistanceserving to effect a proper distribution of the current in the local andline unison circuits. From the line the unison line circuit passesthrough the coils of a relay electro-magnet and through a generator toearth at the receiver. The local unison circuit of the receiver passesfrom earth through a generator, through the armature lever of the relayelectro-magnet, thence through the three way revoluble switch andthrough the coils of the locking electro-magnet and the coils of theprinting and unison electro-magnet, to earth.

The set of local printing and motor circuits that is employed after theunison line circuit has been broken and in connection with the normalprinting line circuit, and the above described mechanical and electricaldevices will now be traced and described.

At the transmitter the normal line circuit passes from earth through agenerator and through the coils of a relay electro-magnet, whosearmature-lever controls and closes the local motor circuit through agenerator, the coils of the motor magnet and through the three Wayswitch. Thence the normal line circuit passes through the circuitinterrupter to line, and thence through the coils of the relayelectro-magnet at the receiver and to earth through a generator. At thetransmitter the local printing circuit is from earth through agenerator, the sunflower device, contacts of the character keys, andthrough the coils of the locking electro-magnet, and the coils of theprinting and unison electromagnet, to earth. At the receiver the localmotor circuit is controlled by the armature lever of the relayelectro-magnet and is closed at the three way revoluble switch throughthe motor electro-magnet; and the local printing circuit passes fromearth through a generator and through the contacts of the ratchet switchand thence through the coils of the printing and unison electro-magnetto earth.

Assuming that the instruments are in the unison position the operationof starting the instruments and of printing are as follows:- The doublecontact unison key is depressed at the transmitter, thus closing thelocal unison circuit through the coils of thelocking electromagnet andthrough the coils of the printing and unison electro-magnet, whereby theunison latch is released and the printing pallet is caused to contactwith a blank space on the type-wheel and the paper fed forward, andwhereby the locking bar or detent is brought into a position for lockingthe shaft. The depression of the unison key also closes the unison linecircuit, thereby energizing the relay electro-magnet at the receiver,The relay electro-magnet at the receiver being thus energized pulls upits armature and closes the local unison three way revoluble switchcircuit through the coils of the locking electro-magnet and through thecoils of the printing and unison electro-magnet, whereby the unisonlatch at the receiver is released and the shaft is locked by the lockingbar or detent as at the/transmitter, so that both shafts are locked inposition for holding the retracting springs of their motors in unison.The unison key at the transmitter is then released, thereby breaking thelocal unison circuit through the coils of the locking electro-magnet andthrough the coils of the printing and unison electro-magnet of thetransmitter and also breaking the unison line circuit, so that the relayat the receiver is demagnetized and its armature lever falls back andbreaks the local unison circuit through the coils of the lockingelectro-magnet and through the coils of the printing and unisonelectro-magnets of the receiver. Under these conditions the unisonlatches at both instruments are permitted to return under the influenceof their retracting springs to the innermost portions of their spiralsand the tension in the respective retracting springs of the motorscauses the type-wheel shafts of both instruments to be slightly rotatedunder the influence of the motor springs. This rotation of the shaftscauses the three Way switches at the transmitter and receiver to closethe local motor circuits through the coils of the motor electro-magnetsand also causes the circuit interrupter at the transmitter to make thenormal line circuit through the coils of the relay electro magnets ofboth instruments and to subsequently break the same and the repeatedmakes and breaks in the normal line circuit due to the operation of theinterrupter at the transmitter will cause the motor circuits to be madeand broken at the relay electro-magnets thereby causing the motors toactuate the type-wheel shafts and to insure perfect synchronism ofmovement, because each motor is controlled byits relay and both relaysare controlled by the circuit interrupter at each transmitter. Thedepression of a letter key causes the local printing circuit to beclosed .through it at the transmitter as soon as the sunflower brushsweeps onto its corresponding contact, and then through the coils IOOIIO

of the locking electro magnet and through the coils of the printing andunison electromagnet, whereby the former operates to arrest thetype-wheel shaft and the latter releases the unison latch, feeds thepaper and effects an impression of the characters on the type-wheelcorresponding with the characters of a depressed key. The lockingelectro magnet at the transmitter, however, arrests its type-wheel shaftslightly before the motor has completed its stroke, so that upon therelease of the key the motor will first complete its stroke and thenproceed in the same manner that it did before the key was depressed. Thearrest of the type-wheel shaft at the transmitter at a character in themanner above de scribed causes its circuit interrnpter to come to restin position for causing the normal line circuit to bring the relayelectro-magnet at the receiver into a condition corresponding with thatof the relay electro-magnet at the transmitter. Under thesecircumstances the relay electro-magnet at the receiver acting throughits armature-lever, arrests the motor and the latter arrests thereceiver type-wheel shaft, whereupon the ratchet switch falls betweentlie teeth of its toothed wheel, and thereby closes the circuit throughthe coils of the printing and unison electro-magnet and veffects animpression at the receiver. i/Vhen the printing key is released at thereceiver, the motor completes its stroke so that both instruments areautomatically set in motion and inasmuch as the unison latch is returnedto its initial position during the printing operation, it follows thatother letter keys may be depressed, in order to print other characters.If this is not done both instruments run to unison and may be againoperated in the mannerhereinbefore described.

My invention consists of a printing telegraph system provided with relayelectro-magnets interposed in the line circuit and adapted to controllocal motor circuits at the transmitter and receiver, wherebysynchronism in the movement of the type-wheels of both the transmitterand the receiver, is insured.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph provided withrelay electro-magnets interposed in the line circuit and adapted tocontrol local motor circuits at both instruments, and acircuitinterrupter located at t-he instrument operating as a transmitterand adapt-ed to control the line circuit.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph provided with atransmitter and receiver respectively having motors responding to makesand breaks in a normal line circuit, whereby an accidental interruption'in the line circuit arrests the motor of each instrument incorresponding position.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph provided withmotors at each instrument responding to makes and breaks in lineproduced by the revolution of the typewheel shaft at the transmitter, alocal print ing circuit and devices for effecting an impression andarresting the type-wheel shaft at the transmitter, whereby the motor atthe receiver is caused to arrest its type-wheel shaft, and a localprinting circuit and devices at the receiver controlled by a ratchetswitch and adapted to effect an impression upon the arrest of thetype-wheel shaft of the receiver.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph provided withrelay electro-magnets adapted to control local motor circuits and motorsat each instrument and responding to makes and breaks in line producedby a circuit interrupter at the transmitter, a 1ocal printing circuitand devices for eecting an impression and arresting the type-wheel shaftand a circuit interrupter at the transmitter, whereby the motor at thereceiver is caused to arrest its type-wheel shaft, and a local printingcircuit and devices at the receiver controlled by a ratchet switch andadapted to effect an impression upon the arrest of the type-wheel shaftof the receiver.

My invention further consists ofa printing telegraph provided with areceiverand a transmitter normally operated by motors responding tomakes and breaks produced inline by the revolution of the type-wheelshaft of the transmitter, a local printing circuit and devices operatingby the depression of a key at the transmitter to effect an impressionand arrest the type-wheel shaft before the transmitter motor completesits stroke and before the line circuit is made or broken, whereby themotor at the receiver arrests its typewheel shaft and effects animpression through the intervention of a local printing circuit anddevices controlled by the revolution of the receiver type-wheel shaft,and whereby the motors of both instruments are permitted to again startupon the release of the key and by the completion of the partial strokeof the transmitter motor.

My invention further consists ofa printing telegraph provided with areceiver and a transmitter normally operated by motors and local motorcircuits controlled by relay electro-magnets responding to makes andbreaks produced in line by a circuit interrupter on the type-wheel shaftof the transmitter, a local printing circuit and devices operating bythe depression of a key at the transmitter to effect an impression andto arrest the type-` wheel shaft before the transmitter motor completesits stroke and before the circuit interrupter makes 'or breaks thelinecircuit, whereby the relay electro-magnet at the receiver acting throughits local motor circuit `causes the motor to arrest the receiver`typewheel shaft and whereby the motors of both instruments are permittedto again start upon the release of the key and by the completion of thepartial strokeof the transmitter motor.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph provided with atransmitter and receiver each having an electric motor adapted to drivethe type-Wheel shaft and responding to makes and breaks in-the normalline l'OO produced by a circuit interrupter at the transmitter, and eachhaving a unison latch adapted to arrest its type-wheel shaft With theretracting spring of the motor thereof in tension and with the circuitinterrupter in position for breaking the normal line circuit, wherebythe motors may be permitted to start under the influence of theirretracting springs when the shafts are released.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph having atransmitter and a receiver respectively provided with a motor respondingto makes and breaks in a normal line circuit and driving the type-Wheelshaft, a unison latch for locking the type-wheel shaft in such positionthat the retracti ng spring of the motor tends to start it, a detent forlocking said shaft, electro-magnets and circuit connections foroperating said unison latch and detent, a revoluble switch actuated bythe type-wheel shaft land adapted to cut out the normal line circuit andinclude the unison circuits at unison position of the shaft, a doublecontact unison key at the transmitter for controlling the local printingcircuit and devices to release the unison latch and lock and unlock thetransmitter type-wheel shaft and for controlling the unison line circuitto release the unison latch and lock and unlock the receiver type-Wheelshaft through the instrumentality of a relay and local circuit.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph having a revolublewheel provided with teeth and a ratchet-switch controlling a localprinting circuit and riding on said teeth as the wheel is rotated andentering a space between said teeth upon the arrest of the wheel.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraphinstrument providedwith a toothed wheel actuated by a type-wheel shaft and having a widetooth, and a ratchet switch controlling a local printing circuit andtending to enter the spaces between the teeth of said wheel upon thearrest of the shaft and restrained from such movement at the unisonposition of the shaft by the wide tooth.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph instrument havingan armature lever provided with impression and unison latch actuatingdevices and having a magnet for actuating said armature lever.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph instrumentprovided with a sunflower device comprising a conducting annulus and anannulus having conducting and insulating segments, an insulated brushsweeping over each annulus, circuit connections from earth through agenerator to the conducting annulus and through the brush and conductingsegments to character keys controlling a local printing circuit and to adouble contact unison key controlling said local printing circuit andalso a unison line circuit.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph instrumentprovided with a three way revoluble switch moving with the typewheelshaft and adapted to interrupt a local motor circuit at the unisonposition and to permit of the closing of the same at other positions,and adapted to permit of the closing of a circuit through the coils of aprinting and unison electro-magnet and through the coils of a lockingelectro-magnet at unison position and to prevent the closing of thecircuit through said electro-magnets at other positions.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph instrumentprovided with a circuit interrupter moving with the type-wheel shaft andadapted to actuate motors at the respective instruments, a spur-wheelmounted on said shaft, a detent for engaging said spur- Wheel andarresting the circuit interrupter just before its contact passes thesegment over which it is traveling whereby the transmitter motor isarrested before the completion of its stroke.

My invention further consists of a printing telegraph provided with atype-wheel shaft, an electro-motor and its connections for driving saidshaft, and a unison latch adapted to Y arrest said shaft in position formaintaining the retracting spring of the motor in tension; and myinvention further consists of the improvements in printing telegraphshereinafter described and claimed.

rlhe nature and general features of my invention will be more fullyunderstood from the following description taken in Connection with theaccompanying drawings, forming part hereof; and in which- Figure 1, is adiagrammatic view illustrating a printing telegraph instrument embodyingfeatures of my invention and arranged as a transmitter, and showing alsothe parts of said instrument in the unison position with the retractingsprings of the motor held in tension by the unison latch and the motor.Fig. 2, is a similar view of a printing telegraph instrument embodyingfeatures of my invention and arranged as a receiver. Fig. 3, is a viewpartly in side elevation and partly in section taken from the top ofSheet l, and illustrating the armature-lever of the printing and unisonelectro-magnet and showing also mechanism embodying features of myinvention operated thereby, and adapted to actuate the printing-palletand unison-latch. Fig. 4, is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4, ofFig. 3, and illustrating details of construction of the printing palletoperating devices. Fig. 5, is an elevational view of the right hand endof the armature-lever shown in Fig. 3, illustrating the construction ofcertain of the parts that actuate the unison-latch. Fig. 6, is anelevational view partly in section taken from the bottom of Sheet l, andillustrating certain parts of the electric-motor,

and also showing the means whereby when the type-wheel shaft is arrestedthe motor is likewise arrested. Fig. '7, is a front view of theratchet-switch showin g the same provided IOO with a toothed wheelhaving a wide unison tooth and also showing an efficient form ofratchet-switch which is somewhat distorted in Figs. 1 and 2, for thepurposes of diagrammatic illustration. Fig. 8, is a view of thesunflower and brush. Fig. 9, is a diagrammatic view illustratingportions of a typewheel shaft provided with a spur or toothed Wheel andwith a circuit interrupter controlling the circuit of an electric-motoradapted to drive the shaft and showing a contact sweeping over thesegments of the circuit maker and breaker, and a detent for locking thetype-wheel shaft before the contact has passed oi a segment over whichit is traveling, whereby the motor is arrested before the completion ofits stroke; and Fig. l0, is a perspective view showing certain of theparts illustrated in Fig. 9.

In the drawings a, is a type-Wheel shaft afforded freedom of rotarymotion in suitable bearings, not shown, and provided with a type-wheela', having in the present instance upon its rim thirty nine charactersand one space, not shown.

b, is an. electriemotor adapted to drive the type-wheel shaft a, with auniform step by step movement and comprising a ratchetwheel b', and astar or stop-wheel b2, secured to the shaft a, a bar b3, provided withspring controlled pawls b4 and b5, for rotating` the ratchet-wheel h',and with stops ZJ and 127, for engaging the star-wheel b2, at or nearthe cornpletion of the stroke of each pawl, an armature-lever bs, and aretracting-spring b9 and motor electromagnet Z910, for reciprocating thebar b3. When the motor electro-magnet Z910, is energized its armaturelever bg, shifts the bar Z13/toward the right in Fig. 6, thus causingthe pawl b4, to engage the ratchet-wheel b', and rotate the shaft a, inthe direction of the arrow, until the stop h6, meshes with the teeth ofthe star-wheel b2, and arrests the shaft a, in such position that oneofthe characters on the type-Wheel a', is in proper position forpermitting an impression to be taken from it. When the motorelectro-magnet bw, is demagnetized the retracting-spring b9, shifts thebar b3, toward the left in Fig. 6, thus causing the pawl b5, to engagethe ratchet-Wheel b', and rotate the shaft in the direction of the arrowuntil the stop bl, meshes with the teeth of the star-wheel h2, andarrests the shaft a, in such position that the next character of thetype- Wheel is in proper position for permitting an impression to betaken from it. Subsequent magnetization and demagnetization of the motorelectro-magnet blo, cause the bar b3, to be shifted back and forth withthe result that the pawls b4 and b5, and stops h and ZIT, rotate thetype-Wheel shaft a, with an intermittent motion and in such manner thatsuccessive characters on the type-Wheel a', are brought into printingposition by the actions of the motor.

It may be remarked that the detail construction of the type ofelectro-motor hereinbefore described constitutes the subject-matter ofan application for United States Letters Patent, serially numbered456,142, and filed on the 23d day of December, 1892, by Job A. Davis andmyself, as joint inventors, and hence is not specifically claimedherein.

c, is a unison spiral mounted on the type- Wheel shaft a, and providedwith a spring controlled unison latch c', adapted to engage the outerend of the spiral and thus arrest thc type-Wheel shaft d, when the blankspace on the type-Wheel a', is in the position hereinbefore designated,the printing position, and when the retracting spring b9, of the motoris in tension. In this connection it may be remarked that the arrest ofthe typewheel shaft a, by the unison latch c', causes the ratchet-Wheelb', to hold the pawl b4, and thus prevent movement of the bar b3,whereby the retractingspring b9, is held in tension,so as to permit ofthe subsequent starting of the motors as will be hereinafter fullydescribed.

d, is a circuit interrupter adapted to produce makes and breaks in thecoils of the relay electro-magnet, to which the motor electro-magnetZ710, responds and is composed of a conducting disk CZ', insulated fromthe shaft a, and provided with insulating segments corresponding inposition with divisions on the type-wheel a', a second conducting diskd2, insulated from the shaftmt, and in electrical connection with thedisk ttfac tact spring d3 for the disk d2, and an adjustab econ-tact-,

spring d4, for the disk d.

e, is a type-wheel shaft locking and releasing device comprisingaspur-wheel e', having spaces corresponding in number and position withthe divisions on the typewheel tt', and a spring controlledarmature-lever e2, provided with a detent adapted to engage the spacesbetween the teeth of the spur-Wheel e. In this connection it may beremarked that in use the adjustable contact spring d4, is adjusted insuch manner that when the shaft ct, is arrested by the armature-levere2, the spring d4, occupies a position at or near the edge of thesegment of the disk d', upon which it is traveling, as shown in Fig. l0,so that the armature of the electro-motor b, cannot complete its stroke;and moreover, the condition of the line is not changed by such arrest ofthe type-wheel shaft. However, when the type-Wheel shaft (t, is arrestedby the unison latch c', the spring d4, rests upon an insulating segmentof the disk d. These adjustments or peculiarities of construction areproductive of several advantageous results, as will be hereinafter morefully eX- plained.

f, Fig. S, is a sunflower device comprising a rigidly supportedconducting annulus f', an annulus f2 composed of insulating andconducting segments, and a conducting brush f3, sweeping over theannular parts of the sunflower and carried by an insulating armprojecting from the type-wheel shaft a.

f4,f5 and f6, are printing-keys corresponding with the characters uponthe type-Wheel 0;', and f", is a double contact unison key.

g, is a three-way revoluble switch insulated from the shaft a, andcomprising contactsprings g', g2 and g3, and a hub g4 in electricalconnection with the contacts of the disks g5 and gs. The disk g5, isprovided with one insulating segment and the disk g, is provided withone conducting segment and these segments are in alignment with eachother and with the blank space on the type-wheel ct, and are adapted tocontact with the springs g and g2, at unison position for purposes to bepresently described.

h, is a spring controlled printing and unison magnet armature-leverprovided with a spring controlled pawl h', adapted to feed the rack h2,of a paper-carriage, not shown, and with a link h3, for operating apivotal detent h4, that co-operates with a rack h5, and thus regulatesand limits the feed imparted by the pawl h', to the paper-carriage. Theintermediate portion'of this armature-lever h, is provided with alaterally projecting arm h6, having an enlarged wedge-like extremityh7,Fig.4, upon which a rod t', connected with and depending fromapivotal printing hammer, rides in such manner that when thearmature-lever h, is pulled up the wedge-like extremity h", trips therod t', and causes the printing-pallet t2, to contact with the paper andtake an impression from one of the characters on the typewheel c. Thearmature-lever h, is provided at or near its free extremity and upon itsunder side with a wedge hs, Fig. 5, that engages one extremity of apivotal-lever j, the other extremity of which engages one arm f, of abell crank-lever having its other arm jg, in range of the springcontrolled unison-latch c', so that when the armature-lever h, is pulledup the Wedge hs, operating through the instrumentality of the levers j,jz and j, causes the unison-latch c', to be thrown out of the outer endof its spiral and when the armature-lever h, falls back under theinfluence of its retracting spring, the unison-latch c', is againpermitted to move under the infillence of its spring into engagementwith the inner end of its spiral. By these means the pulling up of thearmature-lever 77 effects impressions, feeds the paper, and releases theunison-latch.

q, is a ratchet-switch comprisinga wheel g4, Fig. 7, mounted upon theshaft a, and provided with teeth disposed in alignment with thedivisions on the type-wheel a', and a ratchet g3, tending to fall intoone of the spaces between the teeth and close a printing circuit at itsfree end, when the toothed wheel g4 is at rest, and restrained normallyfrom such movement by the rotation of the wheel, and at unison positionby a wide tooth g5, upon which it rests.

The set of localunison circuits that is ernployed in connection with theunison line circuit for starting the instruments from unison positionwill now be described and traced with special reference to Figs. 1 and2, and in this connection it may be remarked that each instrument isprovided with two manual switches k and 7c', that are turned into openposition as shown in Fig. 1, when the instrument is used as atransmitter and into closed position as shown in Fig. 2, when theinstrument is used as a receiver. At the transmitter, Fig. 1, the localunison circuit passes from earth through a generator 1, by the conductorI, through the outer annulusf, of the sunflower device,- through thebrush f3, and the unison contact segment of the inner annulus f2, of thesuniiower device f, to the contact springfs, of the normally open doublecontact unison key f7, by a conductor 2. When the unison key f7, isdepressed the circuit branches. One branch constitutes the unison linecircuit to be presently described, and the other branch passes throughone of the contacts fg, of the unison key, thence by conductors 3 and 4.through the coils of the locking electro-magnet e3, and thence byconductors 5 and 6, to and through the coils of the printing and lockingelectro magnet 719, and by a conductor 7, to earth. When the unisonkeyf7, is depressed the branch constituting the unison line circuitpasses from the other contact f10,of the normally open double contactunison key f7, and then through a conductor 8, of high resistance to aconductor 9, to the single line conductor 10, and by the manual-switchlo', and conductor 11, through the coils of the relay-magnet m, Fig. 2,and thence by a conductor 12 through a generator fn, and to earth by aconductor 20, at the receiver. The local unison circuit of the receiver,Fig. 2, passes from earth by conductors 25 and 19 through a generator o,and by a conductor 15 through the armature-lever m', when the relayelectro-magnet m, is energized by the line unison circuit. Thence thelocal unison circuit of the receiver passes by a conductor 16, throughthe contact springs g8 and g', of the three-way revoluble switch g, by aconductor 26, to the conductor 4, and thence by conductors 5, 6 and 7,through the coils of the locking electro-magnet e3 and the coils of theprinting and unison electro-magnet h, to earth.

The set of local printing and motor circuits that is employed. inconnection with the normalprinting line circuit, i. e., after the unisonline circuit hasbeen broken, will now be traced and set forth.

At the transmitter, Fig. 1, the normal line circuit passes from earth bya conductor 20, through the generator n, by a conductor 12, through thecoils of the relay electro-magnet m, and hy conductors 11 and 21 to thecontact spring d3, of the circuit interrupter d, thence by the contactspring d4, conductors 22 and 9, to the line conductor 10. Thence thenormal line circuit passes by the switch 7c', of the receiver, Fig. 2,and conductors 11, 12 and 2O through the coils of the relayelectro-magnet m, and generator n, to earth. The local IOO IIC

printing circuit at the transmitter is from earth through the generator1, the conductor I, the sunoWer device f, conductors 13, 28 or 29,contacts of the keys f4, f5 or f6, conductors 14, 3 and 4 through thecoils of the locking electro-magnet e3, thence by the conductors 5 and 6through the coils ot the unison and printing electro-magnet It, andthence to earth by the conductor 7. At the receiver the motor circuitcomprises a generator o, and conductors 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19, and iscontrolled by the armature-lever m', of the relay electro-magnet m, andis closed at the three-Way revoluble switch g, through the coils of themotor electro-magnet blo, and the local printing circuit passes fromearth through the generator 1, by the conductor 23, switch 7c, andconductor 24, through the contacts q and q2, of the ratchet-switch q,and thence by conductors 27, 6 and 7, to earth through the coils of theprinting and unison electro-magnet 71,9. However, at unison positionthis circuit is broken by reason of the fact that the ratchet-switch q,rests upon the wide tooth g5, of the toothed Wheel g4, and consequentlybreaks said circuit at the contacts q and q2.

Assuming that the instruments are in unison position as shown in Figs. 1and 2, the operations of starting them and of printing are asfollowsz-The double contact unison key f7, is depressed at thetransmitter, thus closing the local unison circuit 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7through the coils of the locking electromagnet e3, and through the coilsof the printing electro-magnet 7i", it being understood that the springsg and g3, of the three-way revoluble switch g, are in electricalconnection With each other and that the line from the spring g3, isbroken at the armature-lever m', by reason ot' the fact that lthe springd4, of the circuit interrupter d, rests upon an insulating segment. Themagnetization of the locking electro-magnet c3, causes itsarmature-lever e2, to be pulled down into position for locking thetoothed-Wheel c', and type- Wheel shaft a, and the magnetization of theprinting and unison electro-magnet hg, causes its armature-lever h, tobe pulled down With the result that the pawls h and h5, are brought intoposition for feeding the paper-carriage, the printing pallet i2, bringsthe paper into contact with the blank space on the typewheel a', and theunison-latch c', is shifted out of engagement with the outermost portionof its spiral c. The depression of the double contact unison key f7,also closes the unison line circuit l, 2, S, 9, 10, 75,11, 12 and 20,thus energizing the relay electro-magnet m, at the receiver. In thisconnection it may be remarked that the conductor 8, of high resistancecauses a proper distribution of the current from the generator 1, toline and through the coils of the locking electro-magnet e3, and throughthe coils of the printing and unison electro-magnet hi. The relayelectro-magnet mg'at the receiver being thus energized pulls up itsarmature lever' m', and closes the local unison circuit 25, 19, 15,16,26, 4, 5, 6 and 7 through the coils of the locking electromagnet e3, andthrough the coils of the printing and unison electro-magnet 7L, wherebythe unison-latch c', at the receiver is released, and the shaft a, islocked by the detent of the armature-lever e2, in precisely the samemanner as at the transmitter. The double unison contact key f7, at thetransmitter, is then released, thus breaking the local unison circuit1,2, 3,49, 5, 6 and 7, through the coilsot the locking electro magnete3, and through the coils of the printing and unison electro-magnet71.9, of the transmitter and also breaking the unison line circuit 1, 2,8, 9, 10, k', 11, 12 and 20, so that the relay electromagnet m, at thereceiver is demagnetized and its armature-lever m', is permitted tobreak the local unison circuit 25,15, 16, 26,4, 5, 6 and 7, through thecoils of the locking electro-magnet c3, and through the coils of theprinting and unison electro-magnet hg, of the receiver. Under thesecircumstances the unison latches at both instruments are permitted tomove under the influence of their retracting springs into engagementWith the innermost portions of their spirals and the armature-levers e2,are shifted into position for releasing the shaft a', so that thetension in the respective retracting springs biot the motors, causes thetype-wheel shafts of both instruments to be slightly rotated; it beingunderstood that the unisonlatches c', always arrest the type-Wheelshafts in such position that the retracting-sprin gs b, are in tensionas shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This rotation ot the shafts causes thethree-way switches g, at the transmitter and receiver to close the locaimotor circuit l5, 16, 17, 18 and 19, through the motor electro-magnetb1, by reason of the fact that the contact springs g2 and g3, are inelectrical connection with each other through the disks g4 and g5, andalso causes the4 circuit interrupter d, at the transmitter to make thenormal line circuit 20, 12, 1l, 21, 22, 9, (Fig. 1,) 10, lo', 11,12 and2O (Fig.2),through the coils of the relay electro-magnets m, of bothinstruments and to subsequently break and again make the same. Therepetition of these makes and breaks in the normal line circuit due tothe ordinary operation of the circuit interrupter at the transmitter,acting through the armature-levers m', of the relay electro-magnets fm,and in connection With the retracting springs IJ, and motorelectromagnets blo, will cause the motors l), to propel the typewheelshafts a, and perfect synchronism of movement is insured, because eachmotor is controlled by its relay and both relays are contrclled by thecircuit interrupter at the transmitter. This is important, becauseaccidental breakage in the line conductor 10, would result in a stoppageof the transmitter, as Well as of the receiver, so that the operator atthe transmitter would be apprised ot" the accident and would not attemptIOO are again set in motion.

to transmit messages until the necessary repairs had been effected. Thedepression of a letter key, for example,the key f6, at the transmitter,causes the local printing circuit 1, 13, 14, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 to beclosed through it as soon as the sunflower brush f3, sweeps onto thecontact connected with the conductor 13, whereupon the lockingelectro-magnet e3, and printing and unison electro-magnet b9, areenergized. Under these circumstances the locking electro-magnet e3,attracts its armature and arrests the type-wheel shaft, and the printingand unison electro-magnet feeds the paper, throws the unison-latch outof action, and effects an impression on the character of the type-wheel,that corresponds to the character of the depressed key. The lockingelectro-magnet e3, at the transmitter, however, arrests its type-wheelshaft before the spring d4, has passed off the segment of the disk d',over which it is traveling, as shown in Fig. 10, and before the mot-orhas completed its full stroke, as shown by full lines in Fig. 9.Consequently upon the release of the keyfe, the unison-latch will bereturned to its initial position and then proceed in the same manner asit did before the key f6, was depressed. The arrest of the circuitinterrupter at the transmitter in the manner above described, t'. c.,with the contact spring d4 at or near the edge of the segment over whichit is traveling, causes the normal line circuit 20, 12, 11, 21, 22, 9,10, (Fig. 1,) Zr', 11, 12 and 20, (Fig. 2,) to bring the relayelectro-magnet at the receiver into a condition corresponding with thecondition of the relay electromagnet at the transmitter. Underthesecircumstances the relay at the receiver acting through itsarmature-lever m', arrests its motor and the latter arrests the receivertype- Wheelshaft, whereupon the ratchet-switch qs, falls between theteeth of the toothed Wheel Q4, and thus closes the local printingcircuit l, 23, 7c', 24, 27, 6 and 7 through the printing and unisonelectro-magnet 719, and effects an impression at the receiver of thecharacter corresponding to the character of the depressed key, and. alsoreleases the unison-latch, and feeds the paper. When the printing keyf6, is released, the motor at the transmitter completes its stroke, asshown by dotted lines in Fig. 9, the unison latches are permitted toreturn to their initial positions and both instruments Inasmuch as theunison latches c', are returned to their initial positions every time animpression is taken, it follows that another letter key, as f4, may bedepressed at the transmitter before the shafts are permitted to run tounison. However, whenever :it becomes necessary or desirable to bringthe instruments to unison, this result may be accomplished by releasingall the keys, and afterward the instruments may be again operated in themanner above described, or the switches lo and lo', in Fig. 1, may beclosed, and those in Fig. 2 opened, with the result that the instrumentof Fig. 2,

becomes the transmitter and the instrument of Fig. 1 the receiver.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which my invent-ionappertains that modifications may be made in details. For example, onegenerator may be employed at each instrument and the respective circuitsmay be and responding to makes and breaks in a line circuit, and arevoluble circuit maker and breaker interposed in the conductor of saidline circuit and mounted on the transmitter type-wheel shaft,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. A printing telegraph system, comprising relay electro-magnetsinterposed in the line circuit and adapted to control the localmotorcircuits at the transmitter and receiver, a conducting disk and adisk having peripheral insulations alternating with contacts inelectrical connection with the conducting disk mounted on thetransmitter type-wheel shaft, and contact springs bearing on said disksand interposed in the line circuit, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

3. A printing telegraph system, comprising a transmitter and receiverprovided with motors responding to makes and breaks in a normal linecircuit, a conducting disk and a disk having peripheral insulationsalternating with contacts in electrical connection with the conductingdisk mounted on the transmitter typewheel shaft, and contact springsbearing on said disks and interposed in the line circuit, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

4. A printing telegraph system, comprising motors at the transmitter andreceiver instruments responding to makes and breaks in line, a circuitmaker and breaker interposed in the line circuit and mounted on thetype-Wheel shaft at the transmitter, relay electro-magnets interposed inthe line circuit and adapted to control the local motor circuit of thetransmitter and receiver instruments, a printing circuit and devices atthe transmitter independent of the line circuit for effecting animpression and arresting the type-wheel shaft thereof, a printingcircuit at the receiver and a ratchet switch and said circuit controlledby said switch and adapted to effect an impression upon the arrest ofthe type-wheel shaft thereof, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

h5. A printing telegraph system comprising a receiver and transmitternormally operated by motors responding to makes and breaks produced inline by the revolution of the type- IZO wheel shaft of the transmitter,a local printing circuit and devices operating by the depression of akey at the transmitter to effect an impression and arrest the type-Wheelshaft before the completion of the stroke of the transmitter motor andbefore the line circuit is made or broken, whereby the motor at thereceiver arrests its type-wheel shaft and effects an impression throughthe intervention of a local printing circuit controlled by therevolution of the receiver type-Wheel shaft and whereby the motors ofboth instruments are permitted to again start upon the release of thekey and by the completion of the partial stroke of the transmittermotor, substan tially as set forth.

6. A printing telegraph system comprising a receiver and a transmitternormally operated by motors and local. motor circuits controlled byrelay electro-magnets responding to makes and breaks produced in line bya circuit interrupter on the type-wheel shaft of the transmitter, alocal printing circuit and devices operating by the depression of a keyat the transmitter to effect an impression and arrest the type-Wheelshaft before the completion of the stroke of the transmitter motor andbefore the circuit interrupter makes and breaks the line circuit,whereby the relay electromagnet at the receiver acting through its localmotor circuit causes the motor to arrest the receiver type-wheel shaft,and whereby the motors of both instruments are permitted to again startupon the release of the key and by the completion of the partial strokeof the transmitter motor, substantially as set forth.

7. A printing telegraph system comprising a receiver and a transmitternormally operated by motors responding,r to makes and breaks produced inline by a circuit interrupter on the type-Wheel shaft of thetransmitter, a local printing circuit and devices operating by thedepression of a key at the transmitter to effect an impression andarrest the type-wheel shaft before the completion of the stroke of thetransmitter motor and before the circuit interrupter makes or breaks theline circuit, whereby the motor at the transmitter is arrested andarrests vits type-wheel shaft, and whereby the motors of bothinstruments are permitted to again start upon the release of the key andby the completion of the partial stroke of the transmitter motor,substantially as set forth.

8. A printing telegraph system comprising a transmitter and a receivereach having an electro-motor adapted to drive a type-Wheel shaft andresponding to makes and breaks in the normal line circuit produced by acircuit interrupter at the transmitter and each having a unison latchadapted to arrest its type-Wheel shaft with the retracting spring of themotor thereof in tension and with the circuit interrupter in positionfor breaking the normal line circuit, whereby the motors are adapted tostart under the influence of their retraeting springs and by the releasepf it/:lhe type-Wheel shafts, substantially as set 9. A printingtelegraph system comprising a transmitter and a receiver each having arelay electro-magnet responding to makes and breaks in the normal linecircuit produced by an interrupter on the type-Wheel shaft of thetransmitter, a motor operating the driving shaft and controlled by thearmature-lever of said relay electro-magnet through circuit connections,and a unisonlatch adapted to arrest its type-Wheel shaft With theretracting-spring of the motor in tension and with the circuitinterrupter in position for breaking the normal line circuit, wherebythe motors are permitted to start under the iniuence of their retractingsprings and by the release of the type-wheel shafts, substantially asand forthe purposes set forth.

l0. A printing telegraph system comprising a transmitter and a receiverand each provided with a motor responding to makes and breaks in a linecircuit and adapted to drive the type-Wheel shaft, a unison -device forlocking the type-wheel shaft in such position that the retracting springof the motor tends to start it, a detent for locking said shaft, magnetsfor operating said unison-latch and detent, a revoluble switch actuatedby the type-wheel shaft and adapted to cut out the line circuit andinclude the local unison circuit at the unison position of the shaft, adouble contact unison key at the transmitter for controlling the localprinting circuit to release said unison-device and lock aud unlock thetransmitter type-Wheel shaft and for controlling the unison line circuitto release said unison device and lock and unlock the receivertype-wheel shaft through the intervention of a relay electro-magnet anda local circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

11. In a printing telegraph system comprising a single line conductoradapted to be included in a line circuit, and in a unison line circuit,a transmitter and a receiver normally operated by motors responding tomakes and breaks in the line circuit and provided with means forautomatically closing the unison line circuit through said conductor atthe unison position and for closing the line circuit through saidconductor at other positions, local motor circuits at each instrumentand a local printing circuit and devices controlled by a key at thetransmitter and a local printing circuit and devices controlled by thetype-wheel shaft at the receiver and a local unison circuit and devicescontrolled by a unison-key at the transmitter and a local unison circuitand devices controlled by a relay and armature lever and an automaticswitch on the type-wheel shaft at the receiver, substa ntially as andfor the purposes set forth.

12. In a printing telegraph system, a single line conductor adapted tobe included in a line circuit and in a unison line circuit, combinedtransmitters and receivers normally IOO operated through relayelectro-magnets controlling the local circuits of motors and respondingto makes and breaks in said line circuit and provided respectively withtwo sets of local unison and printing circuits and devices, automaticswitches mounted on the type-wheel shafts and adapted to include one setof local circuits at unison position and the other set at otherpositions, and manualswitches for changing the circuits to cause theinstruments to operate as transmitters and receivers, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

13. A printing telegraph system comprising a receiver and a transmitterhaving unison and locking electro-magnets and devices, a relayelectro-magnet at the receiver adapted to control a local unison circuitthrough its armature-lever and through the coils of the unison and thelookin g electro-magn ets at the receiver, a double contact unison keyadapted to close a local unison circuit through the coils of the unisonand locking electro-magnets of the transmitter and to close a unisonline circuit through the coils of the relay electro-magnet at thereceiver, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

14. Aprinting telegraph system comprising a receiver and a transmitterhaving unison and locking electro-magnets and devices, a

vrelay electro-magnet at the receiver adapted to control a local unisoncircuit through its armature-lever and through the coils of the unisonand of the locking electro-magnets at the receiver, a double contactunison key adapted to close one branch of the circuit through the coilsof the unison and locking electro-magnets of the transmitter and to.

close the other branch through a resistance and through the coils of therelay electromagnet at the receiver, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

15. In a printing telegraph system, a transmitter provided with a linecircuit maker and breaker mounted on its type-wheel shaft and with alocking electro-magnet and its devices for arresting the type-wheelshaft and its line circuit maker and breaker, a local circuit throughthe coils of said electro-magnet, and a unison key and character keysand their accessories adapted to make and break said local circuit tostop and release the typewheel shaft and cause the circuit maker andbreaker to suspend the makes and breaks in line, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

16. In a printing telegraph system, a receiver provided with a lockingand a unison electromagnet, a local circuit through the coils of saidmagnets and adapted to be made and broken by the armature-lever of arelay magnet responding to makes and breaks in line, and a revolubleswitch mounted on the receiver type-wheel shaft and adapted to closesaid local circuit through the locking and unison magnets only at unisonposition, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

17. In a printing telegraph system, a transmitter provided with a localprinting circuit independent of the line circuit, keys .and a type-wheelshaft locking magnet interposed in said local circuit, a receiverprovided with a local printing circuit and its accessories and adaptedto automatically effect printing upon the arrest of the receivertype-wheel shaft, and electrical and mechanical devices and circuitsindependent of the local circuits and keys and operating upon the arrestof the transmitter type-wheel shaft to stop the motor of the receivertype-wheel shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

18. In a printing telegraph system, an instrument provided with a switchtending to close a local printing circuit and restrained from suchaction by the movement of said instru ment, and at unison positionsubstantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

19. In a printing telegraph instrument, a locking electro-magnet forarresting the type- Wheel shaft, a printing and unison electromagnet, alocal circuit having one branch controlled by keys and adapted to beclosed through the coils of both of said magnets,and having the otherbranch controlled by a switch tending to close it through the printingelectro-magnet and restrained from such action by the movement of theinstrument, and a manual-switch for opening and closing the secondbranch circuit to permit of the operation of the instrument as areceiver or transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

20. A printing telegraph system having a combined transmitting andreceiving instrument provided with a switch tending to close a localcircuit and restrained from such action by the actuation of saidinstrument and means for automatically restraining such action of theswitch at unison position, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

2l. A printing telegraph system having a combined transmitting andreceiving instrument, means tending to close a local printing circuitand restrained from such action by the actuation of said instru ment,means, substantially as described, for restraining such action of theswitch at the unison position, and means substantially as describedadapted to open and close said local circuit to permit of itsactuationeither as a transmitting or as a receiving instrument, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

22. A printing telegraph provided with an instrument having aratchet-switch tending to close a local printing circuit and restrainedfrom such action by the rotation of a toothed wheel, and means forrestraining such action of the switch at unison position substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

23. A printing telegraph provided with an instrument having aratchet-switch tending to close a local printing circuit at positionsother than unison and normally restrained from such action by therotation of a toothed- IOC IOS

IIC

. wheel, and a manual-switch for opening and closing said local circuitto permit of the operation of the instrument as a receiver or as atransmitter, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

24. A printing telegraph provided with an instrument having apivotal-switch tending to close a local printing circuit through itscontacts at positions other than unison and restrained from such actionby the movement of the instrument, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

25. A printing telegraph provided with an instrument having a pivotalswitch tending to close a local printing-circuit through :its contactsat positions other than unison and restrained from such action by themovement of the instrument, and a manual-switch for opening and closingsaid local circuit to permit of the operation of the instrument as areceiver or as a transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

26. A printing telegraph provided with a toothed-wheel moving with atype-wheel shaft and a ratchet-switch controlling a local printingcircuit and riding over the teeth of said wheel as the shaft is rotatedand entering a space between said teeth upon the arrest of the shaft atpositions other than unison, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

27. A printing telegraph provided with a toothed-wheel moving with atype-wheel shaft and a ratchet-switch controlling a local printingcircuit and riding over the teeth of said wheel as the shaft is rotatedand entering a space between said teeth upon the arrest of the shaft atpositions other than unison, and a manual-switch for opening and closingsaid local circuit to permit of the operation of the instrument as areceiver and transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

2S. A printing telegraph provided with a toothed wheel moving with atype-wheel shaft and a pivotal ratchet-switch, whereof one end isprovided with contacts controlling a local printing circuit and whereofthe other end ri des over the teeth of said wheel as the shaft isrotated and enters a space between the said teeth upon the arrest of theshaft, at positions other than unison substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

29. A printing telegraph provided with a toothed-wheel moving with atype-wheel shaft and a pivotal ratchet-switch, whereof one end isprovided with contacts controlling a local printing circuit, and whereofthe other end rides over the teeth of said wheel as the shaft is rotatedand enters a space between said teeth upon the arrest of the shaft atpositions other than unison, and a manualswitch for opening and closingsaid local circuit to permit of the operation of the instrument as areceiver and transmitter, sub- 30. The combination, of a revoluble wheelprovided with teeth, and a ratchet-switch tending to enter the spacesbetween said teeth at positions other than unison and normallyrestrained from such action by the revolution of the wheel,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3l. The combination, of a revoluble wheel provided with teeth, and apivotal switch tending to enter the spaces between said teeth atpositions other than unison and normally restrained from such action bythe revolution of the wheel, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

32. The combination, of a revoluble wheel provided with teeth and apivotal switch, whereof one end is provided with contacts and the otherend tends to enter the spaces between said teeth at positions other thanunison normally restrained from such action by the revolution of saidwheel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

33. A printing telegraph provided with a wheel having a series of teethand a comparatively Wide tooth, a ratchet-switch controlling a localprinting circuit and tending to enter a space between said teeth uponthe arrest of the wheel and restrained from such movement at the unisonposition bythe wide tooth, and a manual-switch for opening and closingsaid local circuit,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

34. A printing telegraph provided with a wheel having a series of teethand a comparatively wide tooth, and a pivotal ratchet-switch controllinga local printing circuit and tending to enter the spaces between saidteeth upon the arrest of the wheel and restrained from such movement atthe unison position by the wide tooth, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

35. A printing telegraph provided with a wheel actuated by a type-wheelshaft and having a wide tooth, a pivotal ratchet-switch controlling alocal printing circuit and tending to enter the spaces between saidteeth upon the arrest of the shaft and restrained from such movement atthe unison position of the shaft by the wide tooth, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

36. A printing telegraph provided with a toothed-wheel actuated by atype-wheel shaft IOO and having a wide tooth, a pivotal ratchetswitchcontrolling a local printing circuit and tending to enter the spacesbetween the teeth of said wheel upon the arrest of the shaft andrestrained from such movement at the unison position of the shaft by thewide tooth,and a manual-switch for opening and closing saidlocal-circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

31. A printing telegraph provided with a wheel having a series of teethandacomparatively wide tooth, and a ratchet-switch controlling a localprinting circuit and tending to enter the spaces between saidteeth uponthe arrest of the wheel and restrained from such movement at the unisonposition by the wide tooth, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

38. A printing telegraph provided with a wheel actuated by a type-wheelshaft and having a Wide tooth, and a ratchet-s witch controlling a localprinting circuit and tending to enter spaces between said teeth upon thearrest of the shaft and restrained from such movement at the unisonposition of the shaft by the Wide tooth, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

39. The combination of a revoluble wheel provided with small teeth andone wide tooth, and a switch tending to enter spaces between said smallteeth and restrained at unison position by the wide tooth, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

40. The combination,of a normally revolving shaft provided with atype-wheel, means for arresting said shaft With the divisions of thetype-wheel at the printing position, mechanical and electrical printingdevices and a local printing circuit, a wheel on said shaft providedwith recesses in alignment with the characters of the type-wheel, and aratchetswitch controlling the local circuit and engaging said recessesupon the arrest of said shaft at positions other than unison,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4l. The combination, of a normally revolving shaft provided with atype-Wheel having characters and a blank space, means for arresting saidshaft with the divisions of the type-wheel in the printing position,mechanical and electrical devices, a local printing circuit, a wheel onsaid shaft provided with recesses in alignment with the characters onthe type-wheel and with aprojection in alignment with the, blank space,and a ratchetswitch controlling said local circuit and adapted to entersaid recesses and to rest on said projection, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

42. A printing telegraph having an armature-lever provided withprinting, feeding and unison latch actuating devices and having anelectro-magnet and local circuit connections independentof the linecircuit and controlled by keys at the transmitter and by a ratchet-Wheel having a Wide tooth at the receiver, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

43. In a printing telegraph, a pivotal spring printing lever having atits free end a printing pallet, an armature-lever provided with an armhaving an enlarged extremity adapted to engage a projection on saidprinting lever to actuate the pallet under the infiuence of the springand an electro-magnet and circuit connections for actuating saidarmaturelever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

44. ln a printing telegraph, a spring controlled unison-latch, a systemof levers for operating said latch, a printing and paper feedingarmature-lever provided with a wedge in sliding engagement with one ofsaid levers,

and an electro-magnet and circuit connections for actuating saidarmature-lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

45. In a printing telegraph, a spring controlled unison-latch, a systemof levers for 0perating said latch, an armature-lever actuating printingdevices and provided with a Wedge in sliding engagement with one of saidlevers, and an electro-magnet and circuit connections for actuating saidarmature-lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

46. In a printing telegraph, a spring controlled unison-latch, a system0f levers for operating said latch, a pivotal printing hammer, anarmature-lever provided with an arm having a projectionin range of a rodon the printing-hammer and With a wedge for operating the system oflevers, and an electro-magnet and circuit connections for actuating saidarmature-lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

47. In a printing telegraph, a spring controlled unison-latch, a systemof levers for operating said latch, a pivotal printing-hammer, anarmature-lever provided with paWl-andratchet connections for feeding apaper-carriage and with a Wedge for operating the system of levers, aprojection on said armaturelever disposed in range of a rod on theprinting-hammer, and an electro-magnet for actuating saidarmature-lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4S. In a printing telegraph, a spring controlled unison-latch, a bellcrank lever having one arm in range of said latch, apivotal lever havingone arm in range of the bell cranklever, a paper feeding and printingarmaturelever provided with a wedge in sliding contact with the pivotallever, and an electromagnet and circuit connections for actuating saidarmature-lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

49. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a pivotalprinting-hammer, a unisonlatch, an armature-lever provided with aprojection for operating the printing-hammer and with a wedge foroperating link-Work engaging the unison-latch, an electro-magnet andlocal printing circuit for operating said armature-lever, a normallyrotating Wheel provided With teeth, and a ratchet-switch controllingsaid local circuit and adapted t0 enter spaces between the teeth of saidWheel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

50. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-wheel shaftprovided with a type-Wheel and a toothed Wheel, means for normallyrotating said shaft, a pivotal printing-hammer, a unison-latch, anarmature-lever provided With a projection for operating theprinting-hammer and with a wedge for operating link-work engaging theunisonlatch, an electro-magnet and a local printing circuit foroperating said armature-lever, and a ratchet-switch controlling saidlocal circuit and adapted to enter spaces between the teeth IIO of saidWheel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5l. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a shaft provided with atype-wheel and a toothed wheel, means for normally rotating andarresting said shaft, a pivotal printing-hammer, a unison-latch, anarmature-lever provided with a projection for operatingtheprinting-hammer, and with a wedge for operating link-work engaging theunisonlatch, pawls actuated by said armature-lever and adapted to feed apaper-carriage, an electro-magnet and local printing circuit foroperating said armaturelever, and a pivotal ratchet-switch controllingsaid local-circuit and adapted to enter spaces between the teeth of Saidwheel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

52. The combination, in a printing telegraph receiver, of atype-wheelshaft provid ed with a toothed-wheel and with a type-wheel, a motorresponding to makes-and breaks in a normal line circuit and adapted torotate and check said shaft, a pivotal printing-ham mer, a unison-latchan arm ature-lever provided with a projection for operating theprintingham mer and with a wedge for operating linkwork engaging theunison-latch, an electromagnet and local printing circuit for operat ingsaid armature-lever, and a ratchet-switch controlling said local-circuitand adapted to enter spaces between the teeth of said wheel,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

53. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-wheel shaftprovided with a type-Wheel and a toothed-wheel, means for normallyrotating said shaft, a pivotal printing-hammer having a spring shank, anarmature-lever provided with a projection for operating theprinting-hammer, an electro-magnet and local printing-circuit foroperating said armature-lever, anda ratchet-switch controlling saidlocalvcircuit and adapted to enter spaces between the teeth of saidwheel, at positions other than unison substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

54. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-wheel shaftprovided with a toothed-wheel and a type-wheel having charactersdisposed in alignmentwith the spaces of the toothed-wheel, and having ablank in alignment with a tooth of said wheel, means for normallyrotating and arresting said shaft, a pivotal printing-hammer, aunison-latch, an armature-lever provided with a projection in range of arod connected with the printinghammer, an electro-magnet and localprinting circuit for operating said armature-level', and a pivotalratchetswitch, whereof one end controls said localcircuit and whereofthe other end is adapted to enter spaces between the teeth of said wheelat positions other than unison, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

55. A printing telegraph provided with aI sunflower-device comprising aconducting annulus and an annulus having conducting and insulatingsegments, an insulated brush sweeping over each annulus, circuitconnections f'rom earth through a generator to the conducting annulusand through the brush and conducting segments to character keyscontrolling a local printing circuit and devices and to a double contactunison key controlling said local printing circuit and a unison linecircuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

56. A printing telegraph provided with a sunflower device comprising aconducting annulus and an annulus having conducting and insulatingsegments, an insulated brush sweeping over each annulus,circuit-connections from earth through a generator to the conductingannulus and through the brush and conducting segments to character keyscontrolling a local printing-circuit and devices and to a double contactunison-key controlling said local printing circuit and devices and aunison line circuit and devices, and a high resistanceinterposed in theunison line circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

57. A printing telegraph provided with a sunflower device comprising aconducting annulus and an annulus having conducting and insulatingsegments, an insulated brush sweeping over each annulus,circuit-connections frorn earth through a generator to the conductingannulus and through the brush and unison conducting segment to a doublecontact unison key controlling a local print` ing circuit and devicesand to a unison line circuit, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

5S. A printing telegraph provided with a sunflower device comprising aconducting annulus and an annulus having conducting and insulatingsegments, an insulated brush sweeping over each annulus,circuit-connections from earth through a generator to the conductingannulus and through the brush and unison conduct-ing segments to adouble contact unison key controlling a local printing-circuit anddevices and a unison line circuit and devices, and a high resistanceinterposed iu the unison line circuit, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

59. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a sunflower-devicecomprisinga conduct-ing annulus and an annulus having conducting andinsulating segments and connections, local printing circuit connectionsfrom earth through a generator to the conducting annulus through thecontacts of a ratchetswitch, the coils of a locking electro-magnet, andthe coils of a printing and unison electro-magnet to earth,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

60. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a sun fiower-devicecomprising a conducting annulus and an annulus having conducting andinsulating segments and connections, local printing circuit connectionsfrom earth through a generator to the conducting IOC IIO

annulus, the contacts of a ratchet-switch and coils of a lockingelectro-magnet and aprinting and unison electro-magnet to earth, and amanual-switch forcontrollingthe local printing circuit, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

6l. A printing telegraph provided withl a motor and its local circuit, aprinting and a unison electro magnet, a local circuit controlled by thearmature-lever of a relay electro-magnet interposed in line and a three-way revoluble switch moving with the type-wheel shaft and adapted tointerrupt the motor local circuit and to close the armature-lever localcircuit only at unison position and adapted to close the motor localcircuit and interrupt the armaturelever local circuit at positions otherthan unison, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

62. A printing telegraph provided vwith a three-way revoluble switchhaving its conducting parts in electrical communication and comprising aconducting disk, an insulating disk having a conducting segment inalignment with a blank space on the type-wheel and a conducting diskhaving a similarly disposed insulating segment, a contact spring ridingover the conducting disk and interposed in a local circuit, acontact-spring riding over the conducting disk having an insulatingsegment and interposed in the local motor-circuit, and a contact-springrdin g over the insulating disk having an insulating segment andinterposed in the local printingcircuit, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth 63. A printing telegraph provided with a circuitinterrupter moving with the typewheel shaft and adapted to controlelectromotors at the respective instruments, a spurwheel mounted on saidshaft, a detent for engaging said spur-wheel and arresting the circuitinterrupter just before its contact passes o the segment over which itis traveling, whereby the transmitter motor is arrested before thecompletion of its stroke, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

64. The combination, of a revolving shaft provided with a type-wheelhaving characters and a blank space, means for arresting said shaft withthe divisions of the type-wheel in the printing position, mechanical andelectrical printing devices, a local printing circuit, a wheel on saidshaft provided with recesses in alignment with the characters on thetypewheel and with a projection in alignment with the blank space, meansfor controlling said local circuit and adapted to enter said recesses atpositions other than unison and to engage with said projection, atunison position substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

65. A printing telegraph provided with a type-wheel shaft having twoconducting disks, whereof one is provided with insulated segmentsalternating with conducting segments,

a spur-Wheel mounted on said shaft, a detent for engaging saidspur-wheel and arresting said disks, double contact springs interposedin a line circuit controlling an electro-motor at each instrument, andmeans for adjusting one of said springs, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

66. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-wheelshaftlprovided with a ratchet and a stop-wheel, a reciprocating barslotted for the accommodation of said shaft and provided at the sides ofsaid slot with spring controlled pivotal pawls engaging saidratchet-wheel and at the ends of said slot with fixed detents forengaging the stop-Wheel pawls and detents cooperating with said wheels,a spring controlled armature-lever connected with said bar, anelectro-magnet responding to makes and breaks in line, produced by acircuit breaker and closer on the transmitter type-wheel shaft and aratchetswitch controlled by a toothed-wheel on said shaft and adapted tomake and break a local printing circuit, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

67. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-wheel shaftprovided with a ratchet and a stop-wheel, a reciprocating-bar slottedfor the accommodation of said shaft 'and provided at the sides of saidslot with spring controlled pivotal pawls engaging said ratchet-wheeland at the ends of said slot with iXed detents for engaging thestop-wheel pawls and detents co -operat'ing with said Wheel, a springcontrolled armature lever oonnected with said bar, and actuated by amotor electro-magnet and circuit, a relay electro magnet controllingsaid local circuit through its armature-lever and responding to makesand breaks in line produced by a circuit breaker and closer on thetransmitter type-wheel shaft, and a ratchet-switch controlled by atoothed-wheel on said shaft and adapted to make and break a localprinting circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

68. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a receiver and atransmitter, each having a type-Wheel shaft provided with a ratchet anda stop-wheel, a reciprocating bar slotted for the accommodation of saidshaft and provided at the sides of said slot with spring controlledpivotal pawls engaging said ratchet-wheel and at the ends of said slotwith fixed detents for engaging the stop -wheel pawls and detentsco-operating with said wheels, a spring controlled armature-leverconnected with said bar and an electro-magnet responding to makes andbreaks in line, a ratchet-switch at the receiver controlled by a toothedwheel on the receiver type-wheel shaft and adapted to make and break alocal printing circuit, and a circuit interrupter mounted on thetype-wheel shaft of the transmitter and interposed in theline circuit,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

69. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a receiver and atransmitter each having a type-Wheel shaft provided With a ratchet and astop-Wheel, a reciprocating-bar provided with pawls and detentsco-operating Wit-h said wheels, a spring controlled armature-leverconnected with said bar and actuated by a motor electro-magnet andcircuit, a relay electro-magnet controlling said local circuit throughits armature-lever and responding to makes and breaks in line, aratchet-switch at the receiver controlled by a toothed-wheel on thereceiver type-Wheel shaft and adapted to make and break a localprinting-circuit, and a circuit-interrupter mounted on the type-wheelshaft of the transmitter and interposed in the line circuit,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

70. A printing telegraph having an instrument provided with a ratchetand a stop-Wheel, a reciprocating bar having pawls and detentsco-operating with said wheels, a spring controlled armature-leverconnected with said bar, a relay electro-magnet responding to makes andbreaks in line and controlling through its front stop the local circuitof the magnet appertaining to the spring controlled armature-lever and aratchet-switch controlled by a toothed-Wheel on said shaft and adaptedto make and break a local printing circuit, a circuit interrupterinterposed in line, and a manual-switch interposed in the localprinting-circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7l. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-Wheel, atype-Wheel shaft provided With a ratchet and a stop-wheel, areciprocating-bar provided with pawls and detent-s co-operatin g withsaid ratchet and stop- Wheels, a spring controlled armature-leverconnected with said bar,a motor electro-magnet responding to makes andbreaks in line, a pivotal printing-hammer, a printing electro-magnetprovided with an armature-lever having a projection for actuating theprinting hammer, and a ratchet-switch controlled by a toothed-wheel onsaid shaft and adapted to make and break the local circuit through thecoils of the printing electro-magnet, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

72. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-Wheel, atype-wheel shaft provided With a ratchet and a stop-wheel, areciprocating-bar provided with pawls and detents co-operating with saidratchet and stopwheels, a spring controlled armature-lever connectedwith said bar, a motor electro-magnet, a relay electro-magnet respondingto makes and breaks in line and controlling through its armature-leverthe local-circuit of the-motor electro-magnet, a pivotalprinting-hammer, a printing electro-magnet provided with anarmature-lever having a proand a ratchet-switch controlled byatoothedwheel on said shaft and adapted to make and break said localcircuit through the coils of i the printing electro-magnet,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

73. The combination, in a printing telegraph, ot a type-wheel shaftprovided with a unison-spiral and with ratchet and stop- Wheels, areciprocating-bar provided with pawls and detents co-operating with saidratchet and stop-Wheels, a spring controlled armature-lever connectedwith said bar, a motor electro-magnet responding to makes and breaks inline, and a unison-latch adapted to arrest said shaft in position formaintaining the spring of the armature-lever 1n tension, substantiallyas and for the purposes set'forth.

74. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-wheel shaftprovided with a unison-spiral and with ratchet and stop- Wheels, areciprocating-bar provided With pawls and detents co-operating with saidratchet and stop-wheels, a spring controlled armature-lever connectedwith-said bar,a motor electro-magnet disposed in a local motor circuitcor trolled through the armature-lever of a relay electro-m agnetresponding to makes and breaks in line, and a unison-latch adapted toarrest said shaft in position for maintaining the spring of thearmature-lever in tension, substantially as and for the purposes Setforth.

75. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of printing mechanism, apaper-carriage, a type-Wheel shaft provided with a unison spiral andwith ratchet and Stopwheels, a reciprocating bar slotted for theaccommodation of said shaft and provided at the sides of said slot withspring controlled pivotal pawls engaging said ratchet-Wheel and at--theends of said slot with fixed detents for engaging the stop-Wheel, aspring controlled armature-lever connected with said bar, a motorelectro-magnet responding to makes and breaks in line, produced by acircuit maker and breaker on the transmitter type-Wheel shaft a printingand unison elec tro-magnet and circuit connections having an armature-lever provided with devices for actuating the unison latch, printingmechanism and paper carriage, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

76. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of printing mechanism, apaper-carriage, a type-Wheel shaft provided With a unison spiral andwith ratchet and stop- Wheels, a reciprocating-bar provided with pawlsand detents co-operating with said ratchet and stop-Wheels, a springcontrolled armature-lever connected with said bar, a motor electromagnetinterposed in a local motor circuit controlled by the armature-lever ofa relay electro -magnet responding to makes and breaks in line, and aprinting and unison electro-magnet and circuit connections having anarmature-lever provided with devices IOO IIS

for actuating the unison-latch, printing mechanism and paper-carriage,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

77. A printing telegraph provided with type-wheel shafts having ratchetand stopwheels, reciprocating-bars slotted for thev accommodation ofsaid shafts and provided at the Sides of said slots with springcontrolled pivotal pawls engaging said ratchetwvheels and at the ends ofsaid slots with iiXed detents for engaging' the stop-Wheels, springcontrolled armature-levers connected with said bars, motorelectro-magnets, relay electromagnets interposed in the line-circuit andadapted to control the local circuits of the motor electromagnets at thetransmitterand receiver, whereby synchronism in movement is insured ofthe type-wheels of both instruments, substantially asset forth.

7S. Aprinting telegraph provided with relay elect-ro-inagnets interposedin the line-circuit and adapted to control local motor circuits at thetransmitter and the receiver, magnetic devices interposed in said localmotor circuits and provided with spring controlled armature-levers,ratchet and stop-Wheels on the type-wheel shafts of each instrument, abar attached to said armature-lever and slotted for the accommodation ofsaid shaft and provided at the sides of said slot with spring controlledpivotal pawls engaging said ratchet-Wheel and at the ends of said slotwith fixed detents for engaging the stop-Wheel, and a circuitinterruptermounted on the receiver type Wheel shaft and adapted to control the linecircuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

79. A printing telegraph provided with a relay interposed in alinecircuit and adapted to control a local motor circuit or circuits at bothtransmitting and receiving instruments, devices interposed in the motorcircuit or circuits, ratchet and stop wheels on a shaft carrying atype-Wheel of each instrument, mechanism co-operating With said Wheels,and a circuit interrupter located on the type Wheel shaft of thetransmitter and adapted to control the line circuit, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

80. A printing telegraph system, comprising a transmitterand a receiverhaving motor electro-magnets responding to makes and breaks in a normalline circuit, spring controlled armature levers, ratchet and stop Wheelson the type-Wheel shaft of each instrument, reciprocating bars providedwith pawls and detents co-operating with said ratchet and stop wheelsand said bars slotted for the accommodation of the type-wheel shaftprovided at the sides of said slot With spring controlled pivotal pawlsengaging said ratchet-wheels and at the ends of said slot with fixeddetents for engaging said stop-Wheels, and relay electro-magnetsinterposed in aline circuit and adapted to control the local circuits ofthe motor electro magnets at the transmitter and receiver, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

8l. A printing telegraph provided With a transmitter and a receiverhaving motors responding to makes and breaks in a line circuit, a baractuated by an electro-magnet and provided with pawls and detents, aratchet and a stop-Wheel on the type-wheel shaft of each instrument anda circuit maker and breaker mounted on the transmitter type- Wheel shaftand having its contact springs interposed in the line circuit,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

82. A printing telegraph provided with a transmitter and a receiver,each having a motor responding to makes and breaks in line circuitproduced by an interrupter at the transmitter type Wheel shaft andcomprising stop and ratchet-Wheels on the type-Wheel shaft and a barprovided with pawls and detents and actuated by the spring controlledarmature-lever of an electro-magnet, and each having a unison-latchadapted to arrest its type-Wheel shaft and cause the same to hold theretracting spring of said armature-lever in tension and to hold thecircuit interrupter in position for breaking the line circuit, andpermitting of the closing of the circuit of a unison key to line,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

83. In a printing telegraph, a single line conductor adapted to beincluded in a line circuit and in a unison circuit, combinedtransmitters and receivers normally operated through relayelectro-magnets controlling local motor circuits and responding to makesand breaks in the line circuit, a motor electromagnet in said localcircuit, bars provided With deten ts and pawls and connected with thespring controlled armature-levers of said motor electro magnets, ratchetand stop wheels on the type Wheel shafts, independent local printingcircuits controlled at the transmitter by keys and at the receiver by anautomatic switch on the type-Wheel shaft, unison circuits controlled atthe transmitter by a unison key and in parallel to line and through thedevices of the transmitter to earth, a local unison circuit at thetransmitter controlled by the armature lever of the relay electromagnetin response to the branch unison circuit in line, three-Way switches forautomatically controlling the circuits at unison position, andmanual-switches for reversing the circuits to permit the instruments tointerchangeably operate as transmitters or receivers, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

8l. In a printing telegraph, a transmitter provided with a localprinting circuit and its accessories, a receiver provided with a localprinting circuit and its accessories and adapted to automatically effectprinting upon the arrest of the type-wheel shaft of the receiver atpositions other than unison, a motor electro-magnet at the receiverhaving a spring IIO

